Subsea Cables & Internet Infrastructure

1. Capacity shortages will develop within 2 years because Equiano and 2Africa are insufficient given the vast number of countries they serve. Only South Africa and Nigeria have adequate capacity. But for many countries 2Africa is the only truly modern and reliable system with good long haul pricing and reasonable cross connect fees. Now 2Africa is 180 Tbps, but serves at least 30 countries in total. Even if we exclude the Pearls component, we are looking at Egypt, Italy, France, Portugal, UK, Sudan, Djibouti, Kenya, Somalia, Seychelles, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar, South Africa, Angola, the two Congos, Gabon, Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Senegal, Togo, and Senegal. I count 27 in the core African network. Divide by 180/27=6.7 Tbps. Capacity shortages are almost guaranteed particularly given some migration from the older, less reliable systems with their high cross connect charges to 2Africa and Equiano. One factor that may alleviate stress on the telecom...

Benoit Kowalski gave the presentation at the event. The diagram below shows the standard subsea network architecture. The fibre optic cable and optical amplifiers are collectively called the wet segment. The rule of thumb is to bury the cable in waters a thousand meters or less deep. Approaching shore one has a choice. One can give bring the cable ashore using small boats. The cable initially lies exposed on the beach up to the beach manhole. Then the cable is buried from some point in the water up to the manhole where it is spliced into the front haul fibre that carries the signal to the cable landing station. From the CLS back haul fibre goes to a carrier neutral data center that serves as a point of presence (POP) or interconnection point. The other platinum-plated approach uses horizontal drilling to install a bore pipe from the manhole to a point on the sea floor offshore. This is much more expensive, but better protects the cable.  A couple of things to note. I...